Topics

1. Historical Context—Afghanistan’s Strategic Crossroads, 1970s Turmoil, the 1979 Soviet Invasion, and Carter’s Confused Response
    
2. Reagan’s Calls for Action and a U.S. Intelligence Report on Carter’s “Surprise”—1979 to 1980
    
3. Carter’s Covert Action Programs in Afghanistan
    
4. Reagan’s Secret Correspondence with Soviet Leaders on Afghanistan—1981
    
5. Reagan’s Public Statements and Reports on Afghanistan, Including Soviet Use of Chemical & Toxin Weapons—1981 to 1983
    
6. Further Reagan Public Statements and Public Diplomacy Reports on Afghanistan—1983 to 1987
    
7. A Reagan Intelligence Assessment on South Asia in 1982 and Reagan’s Increases in Covert U.S. Support to the Afghan Resistance to 1986
    
8. Reagan’s Final Year in Office—1988: Achieving the Geneva Accords on Soviet Troop Withdrawals
    
9. Looking Back and Looking Ahead